Who Dey Fear Donald Trump?

Trump

Illustration by Edel Rodriguez / THE REPUBLIC.

EDITOR’S FOREWORD
Our latest issue, Who Dey Fear Donald Trump?, assesses Africa’s global positioning in the new Trumpian era of multipolarity.
Trump

Illustration by Edel Rodriguez / THE REPUBLIC.

EDITOR’S FOREWORD
Our latest issue, Who Dey Fear Donald Trump?, assesses Africa’s global positioning in the new Trumpian era of multipolarity.

In his 1990 article, ‘Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy’, Indian-American anthropologist, Arjun Appadurai, called attention to a reconfiguration and reconditioning that was happening among various regions and peoples of the world in terms of their cultural, economic, social and political relationships. Appadurai highlighted that a new global cultural economy was emerging, noting that this emergence could not be fully understood through the usual binary models like centre-periphery, push-pull factors and consumers-producers.

Instead, this new global order was based on ‘nonisomorphic paths’; in other words, it was disjointed. These paths were not exactly new, but the ‘sheer speed, scale, and volume,’ with which they occurred, Appadurai argued, were central to ‘the politics of global culture’.

I begin this foreword by referring to this seminal article because it provides an illuminating basis through which we can engage the current global multipolar order, which itself is part of a longer history of multipolarity. It is also a postcolonial reality whose roots go back to the years of anticolonial campaigns across Africa and other regions of the global South and to the Cold War era. Against the backdrop of these moments, the emergence of China and Russia particularly fractured global power structures, bringing about the need to redraw the contours of sovereignty, resistance and state power, and a continuous shift in global alliances. The unprecedented magnitude of this disjuncture is shaping the emerging multipolar world order. More importantly, Africa’s role is becoming increasingly direct; it is, the authors in this issue highlight, no longer just a matter of decisions being made for the continent, but also about how African states, regional organizations, and initiatives respond to and influence these shifts in the interest of the continent.

But before we proceed, a quick note on the cover:

When history repeats, it rarely does so quietly. It shouts, it burns and sometimes—going by Edel Rodriguez’s striking cover—it streaks across the sky like a comet in the shape of an orange man with an appetite for chaos.

We have chosen to title this issue ‘Who Dey Fear Donald Trump?’ not merely to provoke, (though it may) and certainly not merely to entertain (though satire remains one of our continent’s sharpest tools of critique). We have chosen this title to assert a distinctly African disposition toward power: unimpressed, unafraid and un-fooled.

Not exactly the anomaly Western media portrays him to be, Donald Trump and his politics have mutated into a global grammar: a language of exclusion, denial and delusion, spoken from Israel to the UK. And yet, in many parts of Africa, this new disorder feels eerily familiar. We’ve seen this script before. Sometimes we’ve written it.

This edition explores what it means to live through global collapse when the world never quite held you in the first place. It considers the African position—geopolitical, psychological, ecological—at a time when the global order appears to be eating itself alive. From the climate crisis in the Sahel to the economic fallout of foreign wars, from diasporic resistance to the rise of digital disinformation, our writers ask: what happens when the fire reaches us? Or, perhaps more sharply, hasn’t it already been burning here for a while?

In these pages, you will find not despair, but something rarer: perspective. The clear-eyed awareness that power may shift, but the sites of struggle remain familiar. You will find voices that refuse to play the fool. And where you find laughter, it’ll be the good kind. The kind that deflates the self-importance of empires and reminds us that in our part of the world, survival is not new.

And now, the stories.

In an age of rising anti-globalization and multipolar competition, Abel B. S Gaiya writes that, intra-African cooperation is the only viable path for Africa’s economic resilience and agency. While he argues that the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) remains the most promising initiative to increase intra-African trade, Gaiya writes that ‘its success hinges on the commitment of key regional players—most notably South Africa and Nigeria—to drive implementation, resolve logistical bottlenecks and harmonize trade policies.’

‘Trump’s return to the presidency in 2025 has quickly brought significant changes to US–Africa relations,’ Andréa Ngombet writes. ‘As this new chapter in Africa–US relations unfold, both sides will need to find areas of mutual interest amid policy differences,’ he continues. ‘Opportunities for cooperation remain, whether in addressing security threats, expanding trade or confronting global challenges like climate change and pandemic diseases.’

‘A feminist, decolonial and intersectional approach has the power to radically transform Africa’s climate future,’ Chido Nyaruwata writes, considering Africa’s climate future in a fragmented multipolar world. According to Nyaruwata, ‘By challenging exploitative global systems and centring African women’s voices, knowledge and lived experiences, this approach confronts the root drivers of climate and gender inequality.’

Trump’s new stance on foreign aid, Blessing Simura explains, ‘might be a jolt to African leaders to wake up from the decades-long aid slumber.’ Simura argues that ‘The West’s aid regime in Africa is, at worst, meant to create a dependency syndrome and is a feel-good response to the “white man’s burden” and, at best, a tool to secure business and political interests in Africa using aid as bait.’

Foreign Aid

Africa and the Politics of Foreign Aid

President Donald Trump’s major changes to the United States’ foreign aid programmes have put Africa in a position where the continent has to question its place in a multipolar world order and strive for its own growth.

This issue also features authors writing on topics ranging from Arts & Culture to World Affairs. In our Arts section, Manasseh Azure Awuni and E. C. Osondu launch our first-ever set of original fiction stories in print. Edited by acclaimed novelist, Chigozie Obioma, Awuni’s story, ‘Lagos Avenue’, follows Akua, a university student in Ghana who turns to sex work on the infamous Lagos Avenue to pay her tuition after being failed by institutional, familial and religious support systems. The story critiques societal hypocrisy and systemic neglect, particularly how institutions often fail vulnerable young women. In ‘Conversations in Transit’, Osondu captures a powerful exchange between a Nigerian professor and his Guinean Uber driver in America, exploring themes of African identity, immigrant experiences, racism, violence and justice.

Conversation in transit

Conversation in Transit

‘When I boarded the Uber, my driver immediately identified me as African—specifically Nigerian. “You know, we know ourselves. We can tell when we see each other that we are from...

Lagos Avenue

Lagos Avenue

‘I had heard that police had raided Lagos Avenue. If that good Samaritan hadn’t come my way, I probably might have been paraded in front of the cameras and made...

Ten years ago, when a steel bus Sokari Douglas Camp built to honour Ken Saro-Wiwa arrived in Nigeria, she didn’t expect the Nigerian state to arrest it. ‘It happened because the man who runs Lagos port was one of the judges that sentence the Ogoni 9,’ Camp told me in an interview featured in this magazine, ‘and it must have been like the people who were sentenced came back to life.’

Sokari Douglas Camp

The Artist Who Terrified the Nigerian State

In 2015, when a steel bus Sokari Douglas Camp built to honour Ken Saro-Wiwa arrived in Nigeria, she didn’t expect the Nigerian state to arrest it. Ten years on with the bus still detained, the fearless sculptor reveals how one artwork shook the government and why memory, once forged in metal, can never be silenced.

In Business & the Economy, Eberechukwu Ezike examines how persistent insecurity in Africa—especially in the Sahel and Great Lakes regions—undermines the promises of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). The AfCFTA holds immense potential to transform African economies, however, Ezike writes, ‘this potential may not be fully realized if security and instability challenges are not addressed.’

Additionally, Magalie Masamba writes on China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in Africa, weighing its potential to address the continent’s infrastructure deficit against growing concerns over debt sustainability, transparency and sovereignty. While the BRI offers a much-needed influx of investment to address the continent’s infrastructure deficit in Africa, Masamba warns that, ‘the broader implications of the Chinese financing model are more complex. These projects raise concerns arising from the rapid deployment of funds and the debt sustainability risks.’

In Climate Change & the Environment, Imad Musa highlights the gendered blind spots of climate policies. According to Musa, ‘An intersectional approach in gender and climate policy must consider the structural inequalities that underpin climate adaptation policies, such as legal land access, economic marginalization and socio-cultural norms, rather than relying on gendered assumptions alone.’

Climate

The Gendered Blindspots of Climate Policies

Gender alone does not determine climate vulnerability, and an intersectional approach that accounts for class, economic status and sociocultural norms must be brought into climate policies to move beyond representation towards meaningful empowerment.

In Culture, Kenyan academic and novelist, Mũkoma wa Ngũgĩ, features in our First Draft interview column. Ngũgĩ does not believe there is such a thing as the ‘great African novel’ or in the idea of major and minor literatures. ‘We simply do not know enough and have not read widely enough to make such judgements,’ Ngũgĩ told us. ‘The idea of major and minor literatures is manufactured for us.’

Mũkoma wa Ngũgĩ

‘Translation Is Where All Languages Meet’ Mũkoma wa Ngũgĩ’s First Draft

Kenyan writer and author of Unbury Our Dead with Song, Mũkoma wa Ngũgĩ, does not believe in the idea of a ‘great African novel’: ‘I do not think there is such a thing as the “great African novel”—or the “great Russian” or “European” novel—nor do I believe in the idea of major and minor literatures. We simply do not know enough and have not read widely enough to make such judgements. The idea of major and minor literatures is manufactured for us.’

In Gender & Feminism, Toni Haastrup writes on the importance of a feminist pan-Africanism in the reorientation of Africa’s role in the world. Across the continent, feminist movements, youth activists and community organizers are already leading the way Haastrup explains: ‘the future of Africa must be shaped by those who have always been at the forefront of its struggles—its people, its movements and its feminists.’

Additionally, Maggie LoWilla explores how Dr Naledi Pandor’s leadership as South Africa’s former minister of international relations and cooperation disrupts colonial patriarchal expectations of who does politics and how politics is done. According to LoWilla, ‘Adopting Dr Pandor’s leadership style that seeks to redress exclusion and inequalities and prioritizes improved social welfare and enhanced human security in the stead of “big belly politics” would promote a culture of just and sustainable peace in the governance system.’  

In History, Nicholas Kimble writes on the Gadaa system of the Oromo people of Kenya and Ethiopia. As African nations grapple with numerous challenges, Kimble writes, ‘there is a growing need to explore alternative governance models prioritizing accountability, involvement and stability.’ According to Kimble, the Gadaa system ‘challenges the notion that democracy is somehow a western concept, echoing again that Africa has rich cultural traditions of self-rule and justice.’

In Politics, Lofti Sour offers a sweeping analysis of Algeria’s evolving foreign policy, focusing on its historical legacy of revolutionary diplomacy and its contemporary role as a regional mediator and security actor in North Africa and the Sahel. ‘Algeria’s lack of civil society involvement in its African public diplomacy arguably weakens the credibility of its messaging. Algeria should recognize and incorporate the understanding that most soft power resources reside within a country’s civil society rather than its government,’ Sour writes.

In World Affairs, Chinyere Rita Agu reflects on ECOWAS at 50, highlighting its achievements as well as the internal crises currently threatening its unity. Since its establishment, ECOWAS has achieved significant milestones, including the creation of the West African Power Pool (WAPP) in 2006 and the harmonization of economic policies and regulations among its member states. ‘However, its achievements have been minimal, largely due to persistent issues such as economic challenges, security concerns, political instability and inefficient resource allocation,’ Agu writes.

Algeria

Algeria’s Golden Opportunity

Africa’s largest country, Algeria, has a sizeable record of global mediation, spanning the Iran-Iraq conflict in 1975 to the Ethiopia-Eritrea conflict in 2000. Algeria’s evolving diplomacy raises questions on how...

This issue is our second of 2025 and was developed with funding from the Open Society Foundations (OSF) and the Mellon Foundation. Since our last issue, we have also received funding from the JournalismAI Innovation Challenge supported by the Google News Initiative.

As usual, we encourage our readers to engage with our essays and articles, and to provide insightful comments. Readers may send their views directly to the editor by addressing emails (of no more than 700 words) to wale@republic.com.ng, with the subject, ‘Comment on Xyz Essay’, or ‘Letter to the Editor’ as applies. Comments and letters will be archived and, depending on the quality of the arguments presented, we may reach out to assist in developing your letters and comments further for publishing in the magazine.

At The Republic, we will always prioritize the meaningful exchange of ideas. We commit to pressing forward: on the most critical of social, political and economic issues; by innovating through knowledge gaps; and by providing guidance through thickets of opinion, ignorance and misinformation—three key features of our time—in search of glades of insight

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